The growing popularity of solar energy sheds light on how solar weed affects the efficiency of the installed panels. So, why control weeds? Such vegetation grows quickly and easily, which can cause damage to the panels.
Solar pest control is relevant for ground-mounted solar power plants. Tall weeds growing around the panels can create shade, causing the solar power generation system to drop. There is also the danger of spot heating. This occurs when part of the solar cell is in the shade and part in the sun. Such a cell can overheat, and the module can burn up.
Here’s an analysis carried out on solar farms in tropical regions of the USA by a group of researchers, showing the weed vegetation height, coverage, and number of species:
It’s not only weeds that are a problem on solar farms. There are solar farm controversies between power companies and contractors due to improper weed control measures.
Many methods include mowing vegetation or applying herbicides, using grazing animals, etc. It is possible to install panels higher above the ground, but this would require additional costs. However, the costs will also increase for the maintenance of such installations.
So, let’s consider what solar weed control methods exist and their main disadvantages and advantages.
Mechanical methods of solar farm weed control include mowing weeds, filling with gravel, and pouring concrete.
The fastest and most common method of getting rid of vegetation is mowing. However, running a lawnmower between solar panels is dangerous for both the workers and the equipment itself.
Disadvantages of the method:
Many solar farms have begun to abandon mowing in favor of other methods of solar weed control.
The method of solar weed control, which covers it with gravel, is quite popular. Although, this covering can only slow down weed growth for a certain period of time. Gradually, the gravel mixes with the soil and its effect diminishes.
The main advantage of this method is the low cost of the material.
The disadvantages include:
At the same time, a thick layer of gravel is an excellent place for soil particles and dust to accumulate, which also causes various weed seeds to germinate there.
Similar to gravel, concrete cuts off plant growth. This method can give very good results, but it has two major disadvantages:
If the concrete layer ever has to be removed to return the soil to its original appearance, it is unlikely to succeed. The soil would be unsuitable for growing crops.
Spraying herbicides is a quick and relatively inexpensive method of controlling solar weed. However, its effectiveness is highly dependent on the specific product.
According to projections on the Statista website, herbicide use in agriculture worldwide will continue to grow little by little:
The advantages also include availability and low price.
Disadvantages of this method of solar weed control:
Regular spraying of herbicides, which is required to maintain the effect, may not only increase operating costs but also have a negative impact on human health and soil conditions.
Mulching with cardboard, as well as other paper sheets or straw, is a more environmentally friendly way of controlling solar weed. By laying layers of cardboard covered with layers of compost or other organic materials, it is possible to delay weed growth.
The mulching attracts a variety of worms that recycle the organic residues and help the cardboard decompose. By using this method, cardboard, old straw, or organic materials accumulated by a tree service, for example, can be recycled.
The idea behind the solar weed control method is to shut off light to the plants. No light means no photosynthesis, which is why they die.
The advantages of this method are:
The only disadvantage is the need for regular maintenance – solar weeder, as weeds can germinate in the gaps.
Some plants can prevent the growth of weeds. These include: clover, mustard, alfalfa, and others. This kind of eco weed control has been known since ancient times. In this case, sowing cover crops can be used in the long term, without having to worry about applying other methods of weed control.
The method of controlling solar panel weed growth with table salt is dangerous for soil and insects, as salt decomposes very slowly. Acetic acid has exactly the same properties. We consider them as a possible, but highly unrecommended option for weed control.
It is possible to use grazing herbivorous animals such as goats, sheep, horses, or cows as an effective method of weed control management around solar panel farms. Sheep are most often used for this purpose because of their size and grazing behavior.
The disadvantages of this method are:
To give an example, in California stands a large solar installation built on former pastures. Cows still graze under the panels of this installation and help with sustainable weed management. The animals love the shade from the panels.
A method of raising the solar panels higher off the ground so that weeds do not encroach on the panels and cannot damage them can be used. The main disadvantage of this method is the expense required to raise and secure the installations above ground and to maintain them afterward.
Agrovoltaics is a modern trend in agriculture. Why solar farms are good? The combination of solar plants and farmland is another important solution that not only benefits but also has a favorable effect on each other. This method of combating solar weeds can be considered the most natural method, as instead of a problem with vegetation, there is a benefit from growing it.
If you are involved in solar farm management in Chicago, you should understand that weed control measures are always different. Weed management solutions in Rock Springs, WY may differ from Weed Control in Sun City West, AZ. This is because the solutions depend on soil properties and environmental conditions, as well as power plants.
Of course, you can try different methods and, through trial and error, choose the one that works best for you. But by doing so, you may not only harm your plant, but also nature.
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